BCV had the opportunity to explore the southern Central Valley with someone who possesses intimate knowledge of the region: Vincent Ricchiuti, the visionary behind ENZO Olive Oil, an award winning organic olive oil producer. Ricchiuti, a fourth generation farmer, carries on the tradition of his family’s 100-year-old farm while constantly working to develop value-added products. The ENZO Olive Oil estate occupies P-R Farms land near Madera. From the highway 99 overpass, spectacular views of grapevines and olive trees stretch out toward the snow-capped Sierra in the distance.

California agriculture is being forced to evolve. Pressures range from increased South American imports to rising labor costs. Ricchiuti's father Patrick followed Fresno State’s Agriculture Department in its experiments with high-yielding olives with interest, aware of the possibilities these machine-picked varietals offered to stone fruit. Olives additionally have a lesser demand for water, which is now a major challenge for Central Valley farmers.

There is also an ancestral tie that this Italian-American family has to olive oil production. During our visit, Ricchiuti spoke of the impactful trip he took to his family’s ancestral home in Bari, Italy to purchase pressing equipment. The olive milling process includes the following steps:

• Whole olives, including the pit, are first crushed by an electric hammer mill crusher and turned into a paste.
• The paste is then pumped into the Malaxer, which helps stir the olive paste and extract oil from the olive cells. After 40-45 minutes, puddles of extra virgin olive oil will begin to form on the surface of the paste.
• From there, the paste is pumped into a decanter, a horizontal centrifuge which spins at 3000rpm. This separates the solids from the liquids.
• The liquids are then pumped into an additional vertical centrifuge which operates at 7000rpm. This process separates out any remaining water from the initial olives.
• The extra virgin olive oil is now in its final stage where it is collected into tanks and ready to be bottled as Olio Nuovo (New Oil) or held in storage to allow for natural filtration.